structures

**STRUCTURES**
[|Present perfect vs. Simple past (Revision)] [|Simple past and Past continuous (revision)] [|Future forms: will, going to, present continuous] [|future forms] [|Past perfect] special meanings/uses of Shall I been to [|present perfect continuous + for/since]

[|comparatives and superlatives] [|It takes/took (me) 5 minutes ……The bus takes… How long does it take you to…..?]

[| obligations: must, have to, should] [|obligations] [like |Look-look like]

Looks + adjective  //-That picture looks crooked. - The sky looks threatening. - His girlfriend looks glamorous. - That sombrero looks Mexican. // 

'look like' + a noun/pronoun, or a whole clause:

- //That picture looks like it is about to fall. - The sky looks like a sea of black clouds. - His girlfriend looks like Marilyn Monroe. - That sombrero looks like it was made in Mexico. //

[|must, may, might, can’t for deduction] [|Can, could, be able to] [|ed- and –ing adjectives] [|Conditional sentences I] [|conditional sentences I] Unless

**If **  and **unless **
 * Unless ** means the same as **if ... not. ** It always refer to the conditional part of the sentence and not the result part of the sentence:


 * If ** he doesn't **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">get **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;"> here soon, we will have to start the meeting without him.
 * <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Unless **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;"> he gets here soon, we will have to start the meeting without him.

<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">We often use **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">not + unless ** <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">, which means **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">only ... if ** <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">, when we want to emphasize a condition:

<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">They **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">will only sign **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;"> the contract **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">if **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;"> we give them an additional discount. <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">They **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">won't sign **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;"> the contract **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">unless **<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;"> we give them an additional discount.

[|If or unless] [|Clauses of time with future time reference] [|Conjunctions of time: when, after, before, until, as soon as]